Which disease is an anthroponosis?

• A. Measles
• B. Lyme disease
• C. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
• D. Cholera

Answer: (A)

Anthroponosis refers to diseases that are kept in human populations, with humans as the main reservoir and transmission from person to person. Measles fits this because it spreads almost entirely through respiratory droplets between people, and there isn’t a non-human reservoir sustaining the virus in the environment. The other options involve animal hosts or vectors: Lyme disease and Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever rely on animals and ticks to maintain transmission cycles, so they’re not anthroponoses. Cholera is primarily spread through contaminated water and environmental reservoirs; while humans can spread it, it isn’t maintained mainly by humans in the same way, so it’s not classified as an anthroponosis. Therefore, measles is the correct choice.